In order to remove the water vapor associated with the natural gas production process and avoid pipeline corrosion and pipeline blockage that may happen in the process of natural gas pipeline transportation, it is necessary to perform water removal operations before natural gas enters transportation pipeline. Among many natural gas dehydration methods, polymer membrane dehydration is the most cost-effective method. By studying the dissolution-permeation mechanism, it is known that solubility and permeability of water vapor in the membrane are the most important factors affecting the membrane performance. This research studied the introduction of hydrophilic groups, increase of free volume, as well as the addition of solid fillers. Among these three aspects, the study focused on the types of fillers and the design factors to establish the strategy on the construction of natural gas dehydration membrane materials. The study results show that:1)introducing hydrophilic groups can enhance the solubility of water vapor on the membrane, and increasing the free volume fraction can enhance the permeability of water vapor in the membrane; therefore, both methods can greatly enhance the performance of membranes; and 2)the addition of solid filler can improve the solubility of water vapor on the membrane and the permeability of water vapor in the membrane at the same time. The polymer membrane method has great potential in the application of removing water vapor in natural gas, and establishing the development of polymer membrane materials construction that improve the natural gas dehydration performance is very important.