Reviewed are process characteristics and selection principle of such natural gas desulfurization and decarburization processes as alcohol amine method, liquid phase oxidation reduction method and non-renewable type desulfurizer method. Since 1990, the most important technological advance of the alcohol amine method is development and application of formulated solvents. Under certain circumstances, the process of replacing Claus sulfur recovery unit with the self-circulation chelated iron process unit for treating the regenerated acid gas from alcohol amine method sulfur recovery unit has been rapidly popularized due to its unique technical and economic advantages. Application of such physical separation techniques as membrane separation, cryogenic fractionation and pressure swing adsorption in carbon dioxide removal will become the development direction in the future and it is suggested that enough attention is paid to the technological development of the activated MDEA method and membrane separation method decarburization process.