In recent years, with the development of national socio-economy, oil pipeline routing will inevitably pass through some environmentally sensitive areas. The consequences would be disastrous in the case of pipeline leakage in these areas. This paper analyzes the domestic and foreign oil and gas pipeline regulations for the valve room in environment-sensitive areas, proposes that the valve room in environment-sensitive areas can be set with reference to the common practice in North American oil and gas industry. That is, in addition to general principles, the maximum leakage of crude oil in piping failure conditions should not be greater than 20 000 bbl (equivalent to 3180 m³). Therefore, the design of the valve room in the environment-sensitive area should be carried out upon the calculation of different schemes and the leakage assessment. Based on this, the pipeline leakage process is discussed and the corresponding steady-state leakage calculation algorithm is put forward. Finally, the importance of setting up valve room of oil pipeline in environment sensitive area is illustrated.