The heating furnace in oilfield is an important energy consuming equipment in the petroleum industry, and its energy-saving measures and effects have always been the focus of the thermal industry.In this paper, the heating furnace is taken as the main research object, and an exergy analysis model of the main energy consuming equipment is established.Combined with the exergy loss calculation formula, the exergy loss and exergy loss coefficient of the heating furnace is analyzed,and the influencing factors of the efficiency of the heating furnace are studied.The influencing factors of the exergy loss coefficient of the heating furnace are determined as the heating load rate, exhaust gas temperature and excess air coefficient.Taking a typical oil transfer station in eastern China as an example,we have analyzed the working principle, internal structure and production operation parameters of the heating furnace.The orthogonal experiment method is adopted to determine the heating load rate as the main influencing factor on the counterbalance efficiency of the heating furnace, the excess air coefficient as the secondary influencing factor,and the exhaust gas temperature as the least influencing factor.On this basis, several key points of heating furnace transformation are put forward to improve the exergy efficiency effectively and ensure economic benefits.