The geological, geomorphological, and hydrological conditions in southwest China are complex.Geological hazards such as landslides, collapse and debris flows are very active.It is difficult to control and operate oil and gas pipelines, and smart construction is in urgent need.With the comprehensive perception of mountain oil and gas pipeline data, data interconnection and interoperability, unified data standards, mixed human-machine decision-making, and closed-loop intelligent control as the goals,based on the research and summary of the smart pipeline construction framework of foreign advanced pipeline companies, this paper proposes the connotation of smart construction and build an intelligent construction framework for mountain oil and gas pipelines including vertical five-layer system and three horizontal systems.With this framework, a five-step method for smart construction of mountain oil and gas pipelines is proposed to guide the smart construction and operation of mountain oil and gas pipelines.