Adapting to the great challenge of high-quality development driven by scientific and technological innovation, it is imperative to build a performance evaluation system for oil & gas scientific and technological innovation. The performance evaluation should be considering all the following three aspects, namely methodology system, institutional system and supporting system. First of all, it is necessary to establish a methodology system for oil & gas scientific and technological innovation, including oil & gas technological value evaluation method, application benefit progressive sharing method, market service income sharing method, value range transfer pricing method, technological R & D performance evaluation method, etc. Secondly, it has to improve the institutional system for oil & gas scientific and technological innovation, including technological innovation management accounting system, standardized evaluation process system, incentive system that technological elements can participate in income distribution. Thirdly, it should improve the supporting system, establishing independent third-party scientific and technological evaluation institutions, performance evaluation decision supporting system, innovation culture based on openness and profit orientation and so on. Thus, it can provide reference and support for the high-quality development driven by scientific and technological innovation in oil & gas industry.