Hydrogen embrittlement is a degradation of the mechanical properties of metallic materials exposed to high-pressure hydrogen, which is a high-risk failure factor in the operation of high-pressure hydrogen vessel and piping. Material selection and design are the major measures to control the risk of hydrogen embrittlement. In order to summarize the special considerations for the material selection and design of high-pressure hydrogen storage vessels and pipes in the current technical specifications, a number of national and international standards related to high-pressure hydrogen vessels and pipes were studied, focusing on the scope of application, material selection and key design points. Through the comparative analysis of relevant national and international standards, it is pointed out that there is still a lack of systematic standard system in China, and it is recommended that high-pressure hydrogen pressure vessels and pipes be designed in accordance to ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) at this moment. It is also suggested to start developing a performance-based design procedure and corresponding material test methods.