Natural gas hydrate is an ice-like crystalline compound formed by water and alkane molecules under high-pressure and low-temperature conditions. Due to its vast reserves and mining challenges, it has been a focus of global research. However, current research and mining efforts in various countries remain largely at experimental or small-scale stages, without any large-scale commercial mining. This study reviews the formation process of natural gas hydrates, summarizes the research status of mining technologies commonly used in recent years, and identifies nine challenges faced in mining of natural gas hydrate. The conclusion points out that it is necessary to continue to explore in-depth the factors affecting natural gas hydrate formation and content, as well as the possibility of accumulation under other geological conditions. It highlights that natural gas hydrate exploitation differs significantly from conventional oil and gas production, necessitating further relevant research. At the same time, the study suggests integrating CCUS(Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage) technology with natural gas hydrate mining techniques. In view of the current mining challenges, priority should be given to the reservoirs with favorable conditions. To address the identified challenges, interdisciplinary research should be conducted. The goal is to develop a comprehensive system for simulation, experimentation, monitoring, mining, and risk assessment with Chinese characteristics, and to establish independent database system for natural gas hydrate mining. This article can provide reference for China's natural gas hydrate mining technology.