高含硫化氢原油储罐安全附件问题
Selection of Safety Accessories in High Sour Crude Oil Tank
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- 引用格式:
-
黄崇舜,朱宁宁.高含硫化氢原油储罐安全附件问题[J].天然气与石油,2012,30(2):0.doi:
.Selection of Safety Accessories in High Sour Crude Oil Tank[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2012,30(2):0.doi:
- DOI:
- 作者:
- 黄崇舜 朱宁宁
- 作者单位:
- 中国石油化工股份有限公司中原油田分公司
- 关键词:
- 储罐附件；硫化氢；腐蚀；措施
Tank accessories； Hydrogen sulfide； Corrosion； Measure
- 摘要:
- 为了避免高含硫化氢原油储罐安全附件自燃着火事故的发生，有必要调查事故发生的根本原因，识别自燃着火的影响因素。在储罐安全附件正常使用过程中，钢材受到硫化氢腐蚀以后阳极的最终产物是硫化亚铁。当发油作业流量较大时，将有大量的新鲜空气通过以上附件进入罐内进行补充，从而会导致呼吸阀、液压安全阀、阻火器等位置的硫化亚铁迅速氧化，放出的热量将迅速聚积，进一步促使单质硫发生氧化燃烧，导致火灾。一般情况下，及时清除附件上的氧化物和单质硫，能够有效地避免安全附件自燃着火事故。因此，有针对性地采取防范措施可以避免安全附件的自燃着火事故。设计时应采用抗硫化氢腐蚀材质的储罐附件。
In order to avoid natural fire incidents of safety accessories in high hydrogen sulfide crude oil storage tank， it is necessary to make clear the root causes of fire accidents and identify influencing factors of natural fire. During normal operation of the safety accessories， steel is corroded by hydrogen sulfide and the end product of the anode is ferrous sulfide. When oil dispatching operation flow is large， plenty of fresh air will enter tank for supplement through such safety accessories， which will result in rapid oxidation of ferrous sulfide in such places as breathing valves， hydraulic valves and flame arresters. Heat released from rapid oxidation of ferrous sulfide will accumulate rapidly and lead to further oxidation and combustion of elementary sulfur and result in fire accordingly. Generally， if oxide and elemental sulfur can be cleared away in time from such safety accessories， natural fire accidents in the safety accessories can be avoided properly. Therefore， preventive measures shall be taken pertinently so as to avoid natural fire accidents in the safety accessories. It may be best that materials with hydrogen sulfide corrosion resistance are selected for fabricating safety accessories in crude oil tanks.
