油气田开发中CO2腐蚀机理及防腐方法研究进展
Research on C02 Corrosion and Corrosion Control Method in Oil and Gas Field Development
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- 引用格式:
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袁,青,刘,音,毕研霞,牛增前,王云云,何志勇,贾红战.油气田开发中CO2腐蚀机理及防腐方法研究进展[J].天然气与石油,2015,33(2):0.doi:
Yuan Qing, Liu Yin, Bi Yanxia, Niu Zengqian, Wang Yunyun, He Zhiyong, Jia Hongzhan.Research on C02 Corrosion and Corrosion Control Method in Oil and Gas Field Development[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2015,33(2):0.doi:
- DOI:
- 作者:
- 袁 青 刘 音 毕研霞 牛增前 王云云 何志勇 贾红战
Yuan Qing, Liu Yin, Bi Yanxia, Niu Zengqian, Wang Yunyun, He Zhiyong, Jia Hongzhan
- 作者单位:
- 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程技术研究院
Engineering Technology Research Institute, BHDC
- 关键词:
- CO2；腐蚀；腐蚀机理；防腐方法
C02; Corrosion; Corrosion mechanism; Corrosion control method
- 摘要:
- 为降低油气田开采过程中CO2的腐蚀危害，有必要对CO2的腐蚀机理、腐蚀类型、诱发机制、影响因素和防腐方法进行研究。通过腐蚀机理调研发现，CO2先生成碳酸，进而产生电化学反应，造成钢材腐蚀；CO2腐蚀类型分为均匀腐蚀、冲刷腐蚀和坑点腐蚀（坑蚀），其中以坑蚀最常见且危害最大；影响CO2腐蚀速率的因素包括：pH值、CO2分压、温度、流速、含水量等。目前油气田开发中防CO2腐蚀的措施很多，其中优选抗蚀金属管材是防腐蚀的基本方法；加注缓蚀剂的方法则具有防护效果好、方法简便、成本低、适用性强等特点，使用性高。通过对目前油气田开发过程中防腐方法的调研，提出了防腐方法的选择依据和缓蚀剂的研究建议。
In order to reduce C02 corrosion in oil and gas field development, it is necessary to study C02 corrosion mechanism, corrosion form, inducement mechanism, influence factor and corrosion control method. Results obtained from corrosion mechanism study show that C02 generates carbonic acid firstly and then produces electrochemical reaction, which results in corrosion of steel. C02 corrosion includes uniform corrosion, pitting corrosion and erosion corrosion, and pitting corrosion occurs frequently and has the most severe hazard. Factors affecting C02 corrosion rate includes pH, C02 partial pressure, temperature, flow velocity and water content, etc. At present, there are many measures for C02 corrosion control in oil and gas field development and selection of corrosion resistant metal tubes is the basic approach for corrosion control. However, corrosion inhibitor injection is the optimum method for corrosion control due to its good protecting effect, easy operation, inexpensive cost and very high applicability. Through studies on current corrosion control methods in oil and gas field development, selection criteria of corrosion control methods is proposed and it is suggested that corrosion inhibitor is studied and applied.
