井下作业中,管柱上窜具有隐蔽性和突发性,极易引发井控事故,当前对井下作业中管柱上窜的原因分析和应对措施方面的研究较少。通过现场典型案例对管柱上窜进行原因分析,得出在不同工况下发生管柱上窜的主要原因是井内气侵、活塞效应和循环压差。结合以上原因有针对性地配备了防上窜短节、顶部压盖和预装式液压防上窜装置以防止管柱上窜,并对三种应急装备的作用机理和适用范围进行了分析,利用以上结论和装备对Y1井进行实例应用与分析。结果表明:利用管柱上窜计算公式可以预判事故的发生,应急装备能有效控制管柱上窜。下一步应加大计算公式和现场应急装备的推广及应用并做出优化。

In the downhole operation, string channeling are covert and unexpected, which can easily lead to well control accidents, while there are few studies on the causes of the currentdownhole operationin string channeling analysis and response measures.Through analysis on the causes of the string channeling via typical cases in the field, it is concluded that the main reasons for the occurrence of the string channeling in different downhole operation aregas cut, piston effect and circulating pressure difference. Combined with the above reasons, the anti-channeling short section, top gland type anti-channeling and preloaded hydraulic anti-channeling device are provided to prevent string channeling. The mechanism and application scope of the three kinds of emergency equipments are analyzed. The above conclusions and equipment are applied to well Y-1 wells for analysis.The results show thatthe calculation formula can be used to predict the occurrence of string channeling accidents andemergency equipment can effectively control the string channeling.The formula and emergency equipment shall be further promoted and optimized in the next step.