随着世界各国石油战略储备建设的迅猛发展,油罐大型化成为发展趋势,当前普遍采用高强钢来建造单壁圆筒形超大型油罐,由于受钢板厚度及焊接性能下降的限制,高强钢所能建造的单壁油罐最大容量为20×104 m3,要想建造更大容量的油罐必须改变设计思路,利用液力平衡原理来解决难题,液力平衡式油罐的设计被提出,通过该罐设计形式的介绍和罐壁强度计算实例的分析,发现只需采用普通等级的钢板即可建造超大型液力平衡式油罐,并且成本极大降低,安全性有所提高。因此采用液力平衡式结构建造超大型油罐设计上可行、经济上可取、安全上可靠。

With the rapid development of the world's strategic oil reserve construction, large-scale storage tanks become a trend, therefore the high-strength steels are used to build single-walled large cylindrical storage tanks at present, but the maximum capacity of single-wall steel tanks built by the high-strength steels is 20 × 104m3for the restriction of the plate thickness and weld performance degradation, so the design ideas must be changed in order to build much larger capacity storage tank, namely using the hydraulic balance principle to solve the problem. The design of hydraulic balance tank was proposed. Through the introduction of the design form of the tank and the analysis on example of tank wall strength calculation, it is found that the much larger hydraulic balance storage tanks can be built by steels of ordinary grade with the cost greatly reduced and security slightly increased. Therefore, it is feasible in design, desirable in economy and reliable in safety to use the hydraulic balance structure to build much larger oil tanks.