油气行业是能耗和水耗的大户,研究油气生产过程中的能耗和水耗问题对中国能源行业节能和节水十分必要。从油气田能耗和水耗的管理、评价、核算、优化等方面汇总油气田能耗和水耗研究现状,并对能耗和水耗的耦合关系的现有研究进行综述，表明能耗和水耗的核算、评价和优化过程存在很多相似点。由于现有研究缺少油气田能耗和水耗优化方法,同时也缺少能耗和水耗的耦合关系研究，未来中国油气行业能耗和水耗的研究应该在油气田能耗和水耗全生命周期核算和特征分析的基础上,分析能耗和水耗的耦合关系,以及油气田开发中能耗和水耗与油气合理生产之间的协同关系,从而实现在能耗和水耗双控目标下油气田生产开发整体效益最大化。

Oil and gas industry is a large energy and water consumer and research on energy consumption and water consumption in the oil and gas production process is necessary for energy conservation and water conservation in China's energy industry. This paper summarizes the research status of energy and water consumption in oil and gas fields from aspects of energy consumption in oil and gas fields, water consumption management, evaluation, accounting and optimization of oil and gas fields, and reviews existing research on the coupling relationship between energy and water consumption. EROI of Daqing Oilfield in China is gradually decreasing. It is predicted that EROI will be equivalent to EROI of oil sands mining by 2025 only. China's shale gas exploitation consumes an average of 100 million tons of water annually. Comparisons of oil and gas field energy consumption assessment and water consumption assessment show that there are many similarities between energy consumption and water consumption accounting, evaluation and optimization process. The existing research lacks the optimization method of energy consumption and water consumption in oil and gas fields, and lacks the coupling research of energy consumption and water consumption.Future researchon energy consumption and water consumption of oil and gas industryshould analyzethe coupling relationship between energy consumption and water consumptionand analyzethe synergetic relationship between energy consumption, water consumption and oil & gas production based on the life cycle of China's oil and gas fields and its analysis in order to maximize the overall efficiency of oil and gas production and development under the goal of dual control of energy consumption and water consumption.