在管壳式换热器的失效形式中,腐蚀失效占有非常大的比例。通过建立管壳式换热器三维流域模型,并基于计算流体力学(CFD)方法,采用FLUENT软件对管壳式换热器壳程流体的流动与传热进行三维数值计算,得到换热器壳程内温度场、压力场、气液两相分布云图以及速度场分布矢量图。在此基础上,分析了管壳式换热器的腐蚀位置及腐蚀机理,结果表明:在换热器壳程折流板附近流体的冲刷以及液相组分的形成与堆积加剧了换热器的腐蚀,其腐蚀受到多种因素的共同作用,通过对数值模拟结果分析而得到的腐蚀位置与现场设备腐蚀位置大致吻合。基于流场对管壳式换热器的腐蚀分析可以为换热器的腐蚀防护工作提供理论基础。

Corrosion failure accounts for a large proportion of the failure modes of shell-and-tube heat exchangers. In this paper, the three-dimensional watershed model of shell and tube heat exchanger is established, and based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, the flow and heat transfer of the fluid in the shell and tube heat exchanger are calculated by FLUENT software, and the temperature field, pressure field, gas-liquid two-phase distribution cloud chart and velocity field distribution vector diagram in the shell and tube heat exchanger are obtained. On this basis, the corrosion location and corrosion mechanism of shell and tube heat exchanger are analyzed.The results show thatthe erosion of fluid near the baffle plate and the formation and accumulation of liquid components aggravate the corrosion of the heat exchangerand the corrosion is affected by many factors.The corrosion location obtained from the analysis of numerical simulation results is roughly consistent with the corrosion location of field equipment. The corrosion analysis of shell and tube heat exchanger based on the flow field provides a theoretical basis for the corrosion protection of heat exchanger.