为了清除天然气在开采过程中携带的水蒸气,避免天然气在管道运输过程中可能遇到的管道腐蚀和管道阻塞问题,有必要在天然气进入管道运输前进行除水处理。在众多天然气脱水方法中,高分子膜法脱水是最具有性价比的方法。通过研究溶解—渗透机理,从水蒸气在膜中的溶解性和渗透性这两个最能影响膜性能的方面出发,研究了引入亲水性基团、增大自由体积、添加固体填料等方面对膜性能的影响；同时重点从填料类型与设计因素等方面展开分析,深入研究了天然气脱水膜材料构建策略。研究表明,通过引入亲水性基团增强水蒸气在膜上的溶解性和增大自由体积分数增强水蒸气在膜内的渗透性均可大幅增强膜性能,固体填料的加入更是能同时改善水蒸气在膜上的溶解性和水蒸气在膜内的渗透性。高分子膜法去除天然气中的水蒸气具有巨大的潜力,构建提高天然气膜脱水性能的高分子膜材料十分重要。

In order to remove the water vapor associated with the natural gas production process and avoid pipeline corrosion and pipeline blockage that may happen in the process of natural gas pipeline transportation, it is necessary to perform water removal operations before natural gas enters transportation pipeline. Among many natural gas dehydration methods, polymer membrane dehydration is the most cost-effective method. By studying the dissolution-permeation mechanism, it is known that solubility and permeability of water vapor in the membrane are the most important factors affecting the membrane performance. This research studied the introduction of hydrophilic groups, increase of free volume, as well as the addition of solid fillers. Among these three aspects, the study focused on the types of fillers and the design factors to establish the strategy on the construction of natural gas dehydration membrane materials. The study results show that:1)introducing hydrophilic groups can enhance the solubility of water vapor on the membrane, and increasing the free volume fraction can enhance the permeability of water vapor in the membrane; therefore, both methods can greatly enhance the performance of membranes; and 2)the addition of solid filler can improve the solubility of water vapor on the membrane and the permeability of water vapor in the membrane at the same time. The polymer membrane method has great potential in the application of removing water vapor in natural gas, and establishing the development of polymer membrane materials construction that improve the natural gas dehydration performance is very important.