压裂、酸化、注药剂是海上油田油水井增渗解堵的传统技术,但存在工艺复杂、成本高、储层二次损害等问题。可控冲击波技术作为一种新兴的改造储层技术,在工艺上不破坏井筒结构，可分段式多次重复作用,而且具备增渗解堵效果好、能量可控等特点。在分析可控冲击波产生机理的基础上,研制了可控冲击波实验装置。模拟储层及工程环境,分别以井筒与小岩心尺度样品为研究对象,开展可控冲击波增渗解堵效果评价实验。研究结果表明：可控冲击波对井筒及小岩心两种尺度实验样品均产生良好的增渗效果,井筒尺度样品产生较为明显宏观裂缝,岩石强度降低,小岩心尺度样品渗透率提升13.3%~57.9%,样品实现增渗;可控冲击波对解除小岩心尺度样品的固相侵入、无机垢堵塞、聚合物吸附滞留损害效果明显,无因次渗透率提升值在0.12~0.27之间,解除固相侵入损害最为显著,冲击使得岩心渗流通道内外的堵塞物被振动、推挤直至剥离,样品实现解堵。可控冲击波技术优势明显,研究成果为可控冲击波增渗解堵技术的现场应用奠定基础。

Fracturing, acidizing and chemical injection are the traditional technologies for enhancing permeability and removing plugging in offshore oil and water wells. But, there are some problems such as complex process, high capital cost and secondary damage to reservoir. The controllable shockwave technology, as an emerging reservoir reconstruction technology, will not destroy the wellbore structure and also has the characteristics of good permeability enhancement and plug removal effect and controllable energy. Based on the analysis of the generation mechanism of the controllable shockwave, the controllable shockwave experimental device is developed. With the wellbore and small core scale samples taken as the research objects, the reservoir and engineering environment are simulated to carry out the evaluation experiment for controllable shockwave permeability enhancement and plug removal effect. The results show that the controlled shockwave has a good effect on the two scale samples of wellbore and small core. The samples of wellbore scale have obvious macro fractures, the rock strength is reduced, and the permeability of the samples of small core scale is increased by 13.3%~57.9%, so as to realize the permeability enhancement. The controllable shock wave has obvious effect on removing solid invasion, inorganic scale and polymer plugging of small core scale samples. The dimensionless permeability increases between 0.12 and 0.27, and the most significant effect is to remove solid invasion damage. The shockwave makes the plug inside and outside the seepage channel vibrated, pushed and peeled off, so as to realize the plug removal. The controllable shockwave technology has obvious effect on increasing permeability and removing plug. The research results lay a solid foundation for the field application of controllable shockwave permeability enhancement and plug removal technology.