深入认识多周期注采循环下盖层的动态应力演化规律及影响因素,有助于科学有效地预测气藏注采过程中对上限压力的设定。根据储气库注采运行机理和岩石力学理论,地层变形和孔隙压力变化是影响盖层应力场扰动的主要因素,即储气库盖层应力场的变化是由于储层变形与盖层渗流场变化两种因素造成,这两种因素对盖层应力场影响作用的大小在传统的盖层应力解析理论中没有准确的评价。为补足上述理论,以松辽平原S气藏型储气库为研究对象,通过对盖层的不同工况展开相应研究,基于岩石流—固耦合理论,将盖层岩石视为多孔介质,建立了考虑盖层、储层及底层的地质力学模型,把上述两种因素通过忽略储层变形效应、盖层无渗透能力以及实际地层条件三种工况进行数值模拟研究,同时考虑了储气库全生命周期(气藏枯竭期、注入期和多周期注采三个阶段)。研究结果表明,盖层渗流场变化是主控因素，对盖层应力场影响作用最显著,其应力变化最敏感部位位于盖—储交界面。该研究不仅具有重要的现实意义,还具有重要的科学研究价值,将丰富储气库盖层密封性评价理论,为工程实践提供参考。

The deep understanding of the dynamic stress evolution law and influencing factors of the cap rock under the multi-cycle injection-production cycle is helpful to scientifically and effectively predict the setting of the upper limit pressure in the process of gas reservoir injection and production. According to the operation mechanism of the gas storage injection and production and the rock mechanics theory, the formation deformation and pore pressure change are the main factors affecting the disturbance of the cap rock stress field, that is, the change of the stress field of the gas reservoir cap rock is caused by the deformation of the reservoir and the change of the cap rock seepage field. The size of the influence of the reservoir is not accurately evaluated in the traditional cap rock stress analysis theory. In order to supplement the above theory, this study takes the S gas reservoir in Songliao Plain as the research object, and conducts corresponding research on the cap rock through different working conditions. Based on the rock fluid-solid coupling theory, the supracrustal rock is regarded as a porous medium, and the geological mechanics model that considers the cap rock, reservoir and the bottom layer is established. The above two factors are numerically simulated by ignoring the deformation effect of the reservoir, the impermeability of the cap rock and the actual formation conditions. Meanwhile, the gas storage full life cycle (three stages as gas reservoir depletion, injection and multi-cycle injection and production) is taken into account as well. The research results show that the change of the seepage field of the cap rock has the most significant effect on the stress field of the cap rock, and the most sensitive part of the stress change is located at the junction of the cap rock and the reservoir. This research not only has important practical significance, but also has important scientific research value. It will enrich the evaluation theory of gas storage cap rock sealing and provide reference for engineering practice.