全球人口增长、能源危机和环境恶化对清洁能源的需求日益增加,各国都在致力于发展新型清洁能源，氢能已上升到了战略高度，储氢技术是发展氢能全产业链的关键环节,对氢能的发展具有重要意义。基于此,研究总结了氢能的发展现状,并归纳出固态储氢、低温液态储氢、高压气态储氢和有机液体储氢等储氢技术国内外的研究进展,并分析了各自的特点和优势。分析得出:固态储氢的储氢容量高,是非常理想的储氢技术;低温液态储氢目前是中国能源发展重点研究方向,具有巨大的潜在市场;高压气态储氢是中国目前应用最广泛的储氢技术;有机液体储氢的发展潜力巨大,方便安全,可以实现大规模存储。未来以氢能为代表的新能源将占据市场主体,助推中国实现“双碳”目标。

Amidst growing global population, energy crisis, and escalating environmental degradation, the demand for clean energy is surging worldwide. Countries are increasingly investing in the development of new clean forms of energy, elevating hydrogen energy to a strategic height, with China included. Hydrogen storage technology serves as the linchpin for the entire hydrogen energy supply chain and holds significant implications for the sector's growth. In light of this, our study presents an overview of hydrogen energy’s current development status at home and abroad and offers a synthesis of cutting-edge research in various storage methods: solid, low-temperature liquid, high-pressure gaseous, and organic liquid hydrogen storage. Our analysis reveals that solid hydrogen storage exhibits high storage capacity, making it an ideal choice. Low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage, currently a research focus in China, possesses enormous market potential. High-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage remains the most prevalent method in China, while organic liquid hydrogen storage offers enormous development potential as it is convenient, safe, and can achieve large scale storage. Looking forward, hydrogen energy is poised to become a dominant player in the new energy market, contributing significantly to China's ‘dual carbon’ goals.