里氏硬度作为酸性油气田管道施工现场中常用的硬度验收方法,检测准确性关系到管道开裂的风险。通过对标准规范及文献调研,总结出里氏硬度应用在酸性油气田管道施工现场验收的核心问题是管线钢特性导致的检测偏差,选取不同牌号、钢级、壁厚的管线钢材料,开展里氏硬度—布氏硬度的对比试验。试验结果显示,里氏硬度应用于管道母材及环焊缝检测均产生较大偏差,偏差主要与管道壁厚相关。就管道耦合和硬度修正的降低里氏硬度检测偏差方法可操作性展开探讨,建议修正油气田管道施工现场里氏硬度检测以降低安全风险。

The Leeb hardness test is widely used for hardness acceptance in the sour oil and gas pipeline construction site. The accuracy of the site test is crucial to the prediction of the risk of pipeline cracking. After reviewing relevant standards and literature, this paper identifies the key challenges in applying Leeb hardness to the acceptance of sour pipeline construction as being the deviation in test result caused by the characteristics of pipeline steel. Subsequently, comparative tests between Leeb and Brinell hardness were conducted on over a dozen pipeline steel materials with varying grades, steel types, and wall thicknesses. The results indicate that significant deviations occur when using Leeb hardness test for both base material and girth weld inspections, with the deviation in results correlated well with the pipe wall thickness. The feasibility of two approaches—pipeline coupling and hardness correction—to mitigate the deviation in Leeb hardness testing is discussed. From the study, it is recommended that Leeb hardness testing in oil and gas pipeline construction should undergo hardness correction to minimize safety risks.