碳酸盐岩气藏水侵规律认识难度大,产水井科学管理困难,隔层的发育对水侵的影响难以评估。针对元坝长兴组气藏构造低部位有水区,通过渗透率差异和产水动态将产水井划分为无隔层型、半渗透隔层型和半封闭隔层型。综合利用水驱气藏物质平衡和数值模拟方法,开展了典型产水井在弹性气驱、水体补能和气水同产3个阶段的差异化配产方案模拟,结合实验、动态分析和数值模拟结果提出了水侵治理对策。结果表明:无隔层型气井在弹性气驱阶段需要关注水锥速度和配产的关系;半渗透隔层型气井需要寻找水锥能突破隔层的临界配产;半封闭隔层型气井需要寻找水锥能绕流通过隔层的临界配产。3类不同隔层型气井在气水同产阶段寻找“采侵平衡”点均有利于采出程度的提高。研究成果对不同隔层型碳酸盐岩气藏治水控水具有重要意义,可为同类型气藏勘探开发提供理论参考和技术借鉴。

Understanding the water intrusion patterns in carbonate reservoirs poses significant challenges, complicating the scientific management of water-producing gas wells, and assessing the impact of interlayer development on water intrusion is difficult. Focusing on the Changxing Formation gas reservoir lower structural aquifer in Yuanba, this study classifies water-producing wells into three types: non-interlayer type, semi-permeable interlayer type, and semi-sealed interlayer type, based on permeability differences and water production dynamics. By integrating material balance for waterdriven gas reservoirs and numerical simulation methods, differential allocation schemes for typical water-producing wells were simulated across three stages: elastic gas drive, water body replenishment, and simultaneous gas-water production. Combining experimental, dynamic analysis, and numerical simulation results, strategies for water intrusion control are proposed. Results indicate that for non-interlayer type gas wells, attention should be paid to the relationship between water cone velocity and production allocation during the elastic gas drive stage. Semi-permeable interlayer type gas wells need to identify the critical allocation for water cone breakthrough. Semi-sealed interlayer type gas wells need to determine the critical allocation for water cone bypassing the interlayer. In the simultaneous gas-water production stage, all three types of interlayer gas wells benefit from identifying the “productionintrusion balance” point to enhance recovery efficiency. This study is of significant importance for water control and mitigation in carbonate gas reservoirs with interlayers, providing theoretical references and technical guidance for the exploration and development of gas reservoirs of the same nature.