氢具有超强的渗透性,通常会劣化接触的金属材料。国内外相关部门制定了临氢材料氢损伤相关检测和评价方法,但因氢渗透方式、试样类型、试验条件及试验过程等差异得出的结果也存在差异,甚至互相矛盾。对输氢管道用钢管的相关检测和评价方法，以及检测数据进行了梳理。研究发现,不同充氢条件、试样类型对慢应变速率试验(Slow Strain Rate Testing,SSRT)评价结果有不可忽视的影响。建议氢环境下的SSRT根据服役工况明确试样类型和尺寸,或采用保留原始表面的试样,并缩窄SSRT应变速率范围。氢环境对与其接触的金属材料的塑性、疲劳裂纹扩展速率等有显著影响,宜根据金属材料的种类给出适当的断裂韧度指标,对于低强度钢管宜选用裂纹尖端张开位移。对输氢管道运行疲劳特性进行测算,并针对实际管道给出疲劳裂纹扩展速率及疲劳寿命等指标的验收标准。研究结果对输氢管道的建设有参考意义。

Hydrogen exhibits extremely high permeability and typically degrades metal it comes into contact with. Test and evaluation methods for hydrogen-induced damage in materials have been developed at home and abroad, but the results often differ, or even contradict each one another, due to variations in hydrogen permeation methods, specimen types, test conditions, and testing procedures. This study reviews relevant testing and evaluation methods and testing data for steel pipes used in hydrogen transmission pipelines. Research findings indicate that different hydrogen charging conditions, specimen types, and other factors have a significant impact on the evaluation results of Slow Strain Rate Testing(SSRT). It is recommended that SSRT in a hydrogen environment should specify the specimen type and dimensions according to service conditions. Alternatively, specimens retaining the original surface may be used, and the strain rate range in tensile testing should be narrowed. The hydrogen environment has a significant impact on the plasticity and fatigue crack propagation rate of the metallic materials in contact with it. Appropriate fracture toughness indicators should be selected based on the type of metallic materials, with crack tip opening displacement being suitable for low-strength steel pipes. The fatigue characteristics of hydrogen transmission pipelines were calculated and acceptance criteria for indicators such as fatigue crack propagation rate and fatigue life were proposed based on actual operational pipelines. The study results provide reference for the pipeline construction.