将氢气掺入在役天然气输送管道是目前最经济的大规模、长距离氢气输送方式之一,但氢气的最低点火能仅为天然气1/15、着火速率为天然气的8倍,掺氢天然气在泄漏、放空过程中面临着比天然气更高的自燃风险,且国内外尚无系统研究成果。因此,有必要对国内外掺氢天然气泄放自燃研究进展进行系统性梳理。首先,对在役天然气输送管道泄放过程特征进行分析;其次,对在役天然气管道掺氢输送和氢气自燃研究现状进行总结,基于掺氢天然气泄放物理过程特点，从氢气自燃机制中筛选出适用的3种机制;最后,结合掺氢天然气泄放自燃研究进展提出了探究掺氢天然气泄放自燃详细机制、开展掺氢天然气管网组分跟踪方法、在役天然气输送管道防静电措施适应性评估等方面的展望。研究成果为后续开展掺氢天然气泄放自燃相关研究提供了选题参考。

Blending hydrogen into in-service natural gas transmission pipelines is currently one of the most economical methods for large-scale and long-distance hydrogen transportation. However, the minimum ignition energy of hydrogen is only 1/15 that of natural gas, and its flame propagation rate is about 8 times higher. Consequently, hydrogen-blended natural gas poses a significantly higher risk of self-ignition during release and venting. At present, no systematic research results are available at home and abroad. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically review the current research progress on the self-ignition of hydrogen-blended natural gas during release and venting. Accordingly, this study first analyze the characteristics of the release process in in-service natural gas transmission pipelines; second, it summarizes the current research status of hydrogen blending transportation and hydrogen self-ignition in in-service natural gas pipelines. Based on the physical characteristics of hydrogen-blended natural gas release, three applicable mechanisms were selected from the existing hydrogen self-ignition mechanisms. Finally, based on current research progress, several prospects are proposed, including exploring the detailed mechanism of self-ignition during release and venting, developing component-tracking methods for hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline networks, and evaluating the adaptability of antistatic measures for in-service natural gas pipelines. The findings provide a reference for future studies on the self-ignition of hydrogen-blended natural gas during release and venting.