天然气脱硫醚技术应用及发展趋势新思考
New perspectives on the application and development trend of natural gas thioether removal technology
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- 引用格式:
-
祁亚玲,高鑫,江凤,张迪凡,韩淑怡.天然气脱硫醚技术应用及发展趋势新思考[J].天然气与石油,2025,43(6):65-69.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-5539.2025.06.009
QI Yaling, GAO Xin, JIANG Feng, ZHANG Difan, HAN Shuyi.New perspectives on the application and development trend of natural gas thioether removal technology[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2025,43(6):65-69.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-5539.2025.06.009
- DOI:
- 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5539.2025.06.009
- 作者:
- 祁亚玲1 高鑫1 江凤1 张迪凡2 韩淑怡1
QI Yaling1, GAO Xin1, JIANG Feng1, ZHANG Difan2, HAN Shuyi1
- 作者单位:
- 1. 中国石油工程建设有限公司西南分公司, 四川 成都 610041; 2. 华东理工大学化工学院, 上海 201424
1. CPECC Southwest Company, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; 2. School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 201424, China
- 关键词:
- 硫醚脱除;催化转化;天然气净化;固体吸附
Thioether removal; Catalytic conversion; Natural gas purification; Solid adsorption
- 摘要:
- 天然气中的杂质硫醚酸性弱、分压低,脱除难度大、技术复杂、工艺过程繁长,主要可工程应用的脱硫醚技术有溶剂吸收法、固体吸附法和催化转化+吸附联合法。溶剂吸收法在溶剂再生过程中解吸出来的酸气面临去向或脱除硫醚的问题,同时存在溶剂容易发泡、闪蒸气量大、受重烃影响大等问题;固体吸附法直接吸附硫醚,吸附能力有限,硫容很低,同时吸附二氧化碳和重烃,再生过程硫醚解析出来,无法实现真正从系统中脱除硫醚;催化转化+吸附联合法首先通过催化剂将硫醚转化为更易吸收的硫化氢,后端配合硫化氢固体吸附剂可彻底脱除硫醚,但存在催化剂易失活、天然气系统掺氢和掺氧化剂、高温能耗高、工程投资高等问题。通过分析天然气脱硫醚原理,结合具体工程实践应用效果,提出对天然气处理量低、硫醚含量低、不含重烃并可接受系统掺氢的天然气建议采用催化转化法+吸附联合法脱除硫醚;复杂大型天然气净化并联天然气综合利用的长链条工艺建议采用溶剂吸收法+催化转化法脱除硫醚。研究结果可为天然气脱硫醚技术应用及发展提供借鉴。
Thioethers in natural gas are particularly challenging to remove due to their weak acidity and low partial pressure, making the removal technology complex and the process lengthy. The main engineering-applicable thioether removal technologies include solvent absorption, solid adsorption and catalytic conversion methods. In the solvent absorption method, the acid gas desorbed during the solution regeneration process still faces challenges regarding its disposition or thioether removal. At the same time, this method encounters issues such as solvent foaming, large flash vapor volumes, and significant impact from heavy hydrocarbons. In the solid adsorption process, thioethers are directly adsorbed, but the adsorption capacity is limited and the sulfur loading is low. Further more, the adsorbents also co-adsorbs carbon dioxide and heavy hydrocarbons. During the regeneration cycle, the adsorbed thioethers are desorbed, which means they are not permanently removed from the system. For catalytic conversion combined with adsorption method, the thioethers are first converted into the more readily adsorbed hydrogen sulfide via a catalyst, and can completely remove thioethers with solid adsorbent for hydrogen sulfide. However, it faces challenges such as catalyst deactivation, the need for hydrogen and oxidant addition to the natural gas system, high energy consumption at elevated temperatures, and high engineering investment. Based on the analysis of thioether removal principles and practical engineering applications, it is proposed that for natural gas streams with low processing volume, low thioethers content, absence of hydrocarbons, and where hydrogen incorporation is acceptable, the catalytic conversion combined with adsorption method can be adopted to remove thioethers. For complex large-scale natural gas purification processes integrated with comprehensive natural gas utilization, the combination of solvent absorption and catalytic conversion methods can be adopted for thioether removal. These findings provide valuable insights for the selection and development of natural gas thioether removal technologies.
