基于离散元法的料仓重力流卸料过程数值模拟
Numerical simulation of the discharging process in a gravity flow conical silo based on the discrete element method
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- 引用格式:
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辛瑞峰,张瑞,陈岩.基于离散元法的料仓重力流卸料过程数值模拟[J].天然气与石油,2026,44(3):101-108.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-5539.2026.03.013
Xin Ruifeng, Zhang Rui, Chen Yan.Numerical simulation of the discharging process in a gravity flow conical silo based on the discrete element method[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2026,44(3):101-108.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-5539.2026.03.013
- DOI:
- 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5539.2026.03.013
- 作者:
- 辛瑞峰 张瑞 陈岩
Xin Ruifeng, Zhang Rui, Chen Yan
- 作者单位:
- 中国寰球工程有限公司北京分公司, 北京 100012
China Huanqiu Contracting & Engineering(Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100012, China
- 关键词:
- 锥形料仓;重力流;数值模拟;颗粒物料;卸料流量
Conical silo; Gravity flow; Numerical simulation; Granular material; Discharge rate
- 摘要:
- 在油气田钻井、固井及废弃物处理等作业中,锥形料仓的重力流卸料性能直接影响生产连续性与作业安全,料仓的参数设计与流量估算尤为关键。为探究锥形料仓半锥角、壁面摩擦系数、颗粒间摩擦系数、出口直径与颗粒粒径之比对卸料过程影响的机理,采用离散元方法对重力流条件下锥形料仓的卸料过程进行数值模拟。研究了不同参数组合下料仓卸料流型的转变规律,分析了料仓出口截面颗粒流的速度分布规律与密度变化特征,并基于模拟数据拟合建立了卸料流量估算模型。结果表明:料仓半锥角与壁面摩擦系数是影响流型由整体流向中心流转变的关键因素;料仓半锥角<30°,壁面摩擦系数<0.5更有利于得到均匀的出口速度分布;颗粒间摩擦减小可显著提高出口颗粒流密度;在较宽参数范围内,提出的流量估算新模型的均方根误差达到0.132,预测精度与适应性均优于传统经验公式。研究结果可为锥形料仓的设计、卸料流量的估算提供借鉴。
In operations such as drilling, cementing, and waste disposal in oil and gas fields, the gravity flow discharge performance of conical silos directly affects production continuity and operational safety. Therefore, parameter design and flow rate estimation of such silos are particularly critical. To investigate the mechanisms by which the silo half-angle, wall friction coefficient, inter-particle friction coefficient, and the ratio of outlet diameter to particle diameter influence the discharge process, numerical simulations of gravity flow discharge from conical silos were conducted using the Discrete Element Method. The study examined the transition of discharge flow patterns under various parameter combinations, analyzed the velocity distribution and bulk density variation of particle flow at the silo outlet cross-section, and established a discharge rate estimation model based on data fitting of the simulation results. The results indicate that the silo half-angle and wall friction coefficient are key factors governing the flow pattern transition from mass flow to funnel flow. A silo half-angle below 30°, combined with a wall friction coefficient below 0.5, is more conducive to achieving a uniform outlet velocity distribution. Reduction in inter-particle friction significantly increases the bulk density of particle flow at the outlet. Within a relatively wide parameter range, the proposed discharge rate estimation model achieves a root-mean-square error of 0.132, demonstrating superior predictive accuracy and adaptability compared to conventional empirical correlations. The findings provide useful references for the design of conical silos and the estimation of their discharge rates.
