Achieving the “dual carbon” goal through energy transformation has become a global consensus. Due to their role in determining the pace of energy transformation, the importance of mineral resources is gaining more and more recognition. Although China has a dominance in the production and processing of certain mineral resources, she still faces certain disadvantages in acquiring upstream mineral resources because the majority of these sources are found abroad. In response to the complex international situation and high consumer demand, to avoid systemic risks, China urgently needs to take measures such as scientifically formulated plans, increase financial investment, and deepen mining cooperation with countries having these key resources along the “Belt and Road” to quickly enhance the supply resilience of green energy minerals. In addition China also needs to actively participate in the global governance of mineral resources.